Thursday, October 28, 2010

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-------- Objectives ---------------------------------- Level 3

------------- It is to give students a knowledge base in science, technology and technicians referred to Structural Design. Our mission is to provide the necessary minimum content which provide appropriate training for decision-making in the field of structural types adapted to each situation.
formality is added to the analytical levels that precede it, the integrative synthesis necessary for the understanding of particular phenomena that relate to the structural types under study: from high-rise buildings that defy the complications of growing up the side actions enclosures for large real challenges posed by technological formas.El materials and general scope of the subject falls within the architectural context of middle and high structural complexity and projecting. The case studies are oriented in finding structural solutions efficient, safe and economical.

------------------------------------------------ - Schedule

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----- Included in the guide of Practical


--------------------------------- Practical Work ----------------
:
--------------------------- TPN

---------------------- # 0: CONCEPT REVIEW EXISTING STRUCTURES I AND II. Vertical brackets, features diagrams, deformations, etc.

TPN 1: BUILDINGS HEIGHT. ACTIONS OF THE WIND ON STRUCTURES. Application of Regulation CIRSOC 102. Recognition of the new challenges posed by the design of tall structures. It checks the slenderness of a building designed to verify the scope of the rule, determining the wind load and its distribution in height, and checking the building safety tip for the load obtained. Overall, the different groups compare the efforts achieved in different areas of the country and draw conclusions about the structural requirements for each case.


TPN 2: BUILDINGS IN HEIGHT. SEISMIC ACTIONS ON STRUCTURES. Application of Regulation CIRSOC INPRES-103. Concepts of earthquake-resistant design. Calculation of seismic activity and its distribution for the same plant before and practical comparison of the results to develop conclusions. Reviews are conducted on different floors and sections of buildings in different seismic zones according to their circumstances relative.


TPN 3: RESEARCH . It is intended that students begin to familiarize themselves with concepts present in the structures for tall buildings. Research is targeted primarily to the recognition of types. Students are asked to look into examples of buildings constructed over fifteen floors and make a documentary based on his research (the amount and character of buildings is determined to present time).


TPN 4: rise buildings. SEPTA SYSTEM FOR HORIZONTAL LOADS. Analysis of the type and design of the structure. Resistant structure design, suitable for making domestic efforts. Predimensioning, verification and calculation of the partitions and their respective bases, checking the previous hypothesis of structural performance.


TPN 5: rise buildings. Gantries FOR HORIZONTAL LOADS. Analysis of the type and design of the structure. Using computing aided systems. Design of a frame system that gives solution to all horizontal and vertical loads acting. Predimensioning, verification and calculation of each element of a frame selected previously, comparison of the efforts made by simplified approaches and methods resolution scans.


TPN 6: rise buildings. SYSTEMS TUBE IN TUBE. Analysis of the typology. Resolution of a typical tube-tube structure, a square or circular.




TPN 7: enclosures for large. TENSILE STRUCTURES. Design and structural calculation of static and their support. Pre-stress concept. Knowledge of materials suitable for this type of structure. Design and calculation of a cover.









TPN 8: enclosures for large. COMPRESSION STRUCTURES. Design and calculation of structures and their supports compression. Antifunicular concept of load. Knowledge of materials suitable for this type of structure. Design and calculation of a dominant compression housing.


TPN 9: enclosures for large. SOFT SHELLS (STRUCTURAL FABRIC). Total curvature forms of double negative, pretension, combined forms, supports. Making a research paper or study a model of proper forms and support structures.


TPN 10: enclosures for large. Br SHELLS. Appreciate the importance of capacity resistant by form. Design of a thin shell considering it an integral part of architectural design. Calculate and analyze its main efforts of border disturbances.


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---------------- Basic Bibliography of matter:
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Notes and guides prepared by teachers of the Chair.
- High-rise buildings. Structural types.
- High-rise buildings. Horizontal actions.
- High-rise buildings. Tabiques.
- Edificios de gran altura. Pórticos.
- Edificios de gran altura. Tubos.
- Cubiertas de grandes luces. Estructuras de tracción.
- Cubiertas de grandes luces. Estructuras de compresión.
- Elementos de Mecánica de suelos y fundaciones.
Texto de los Reglamentos CIRSOC 102 e INPRES-CIRSOC 103.
Temas de estructuras especiales, P. PERLES- ed. Kliczkowsky/Nobuco.
Tipologías Estructurales. La desmaterialización de las Estructuras de grandes luces. J. Becker- E. Kuschnir.
Notas para el diseño Sismorresistente. E. Kuschnir, FADU, 2002.
Diseño Estructural en Arquitectura – SALVADORI y LEVY. Ed. CECSA., Bs. As.
High- Rise Building Structures - W. SCHEULLER. John Willey & Sons. Translation made to the chair by Mr. Joseph Becker. Extended Bibliography

:

seismic design of buildings. BAZAN / MELLI. Ed Limusa-1998.
frame systems. - ENGEL, H. Ed Blume corrected 1997. Madrid. Tall Buildings
Fratelli MG-Ing. From the author Ed 1998.
soil mechanics. Terzaghi - Peck. El Ateneo. Buenos Aires.
Foundations. WE Shulze - K. Simmer. Ed Blume. Madrid.

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Withholding agents are directly responsible by reason of the exercise of public authority, or by reason of their private activities, which should provide or participate in some way in the delivery of a sum of money (which in principle correspond to the taxpayer), with the ability to draw down an amount which then enter the order of the Treasury.

collection agents, meanwhile, are those whose profession, trade or function are able to receive money from the taxpayer, which amount originally due adicionársele The tribute will also be deposited to the Treasury order.

In addition, the withholding agent is the one who gives money to the taxpayer and the tax funds drawn, and the perception agent is one who receives money from the taxpayer and is compounded by the amount of tax to be paid by the operation in which intervenes.

These traders of tax obligations do not represent the taxpayer but held by express legal provision aimed at preventing tax evasion, facilitate the levying of taxes at source, which comes from the taxing power of the state and forced to work with Tax Administration in collecting taxes in advance.

Withholding agents and perception are responsible for compliance with a provision (obligation to) compulsory and coercive from a unilateral act of the State: the Law But what is the "how" of those responsible? By the nature of the role that is assigned the obligation that the law puts in charge is split into two different loads: 1) to withhold or collect tax at the time substantive law so provides, 2) enter in treasury money held or received, in due time by the current standards for each tax.

Regarding the first charge, failure to withhold or collect tax at the time prescribed by the substantive law of another involves setting tax crime - illegal material, " which is the failure to act as withholding agent or perception, therefore, is assigned responsibility for failure to meet tax obligations incumbent upon them, but jointly and severally liable with the taxpayer. As established in the second paragraph of Article 27 of the Tax Code: "(...) not to make the retention or collection, jointly and severally liable with the taxpayer "

Regarding the second charge, for the failure to find out the advance or keep in his possession all or part taxes withheld or paid (after legal deadlines have passed), the withholding agent or perception is solely responsible to the Treasury for the amount withheld or collected and is responsible for foreign debt default, this responsibility is committed either because it has not fulfilled the obligation under a contract, because he has committed a crime or tort, or more broadly because has breached a legal duty causes injury pre-existing tax and which is punished with the most severe penalty in the legislation Venezuelan prison.